Whales, walruses, seals, fish were staples of their diet. Clothing for Staying Warm Traditional Inuit clothing was made from animal skins and fur. Boots were also made from animal skins. Today the parka style of coat is worn in other places in the world and it is made of many other materials.
Traditions Although Inuit life has changed significantly over the past century, many traditions continue. Traditional storytelling, mythology , and dancing remain important parts of the culture. Family and community are very important. The Inuktitut language is still spoken in many areas of the Arctic and is common on radio and in television programming.
Changes to Inuit Life during the 20th Century Inuit a century ago lived very differently than Inuit today. Before the s, Inuit had minimal contact with Europeans. Europeans passed through on their way to hunt whales or trade furs but very few of them had any interest in settling down on the frozen land of the Arctic.
So the Inuit had the place to themselves. They moved between summer and winter camps to always be living where there were animals to hunt. In winter camps they lived in snow shelters called igloos. In summer camps they lived in tents made of animal skins and bones. But that changed. The Arctic had always been seen as inaccessible, but the invention of airplanes made it easier for non-Arctic dwellers to get there.
Permanent settlements were created in the Arctic around new airbases and radar stations built to watch out for rival nations. Schools and health care centers were built in these permanent settlements. In many places, Inuit children were required to attend schools that emphasized non-native traditions.
With better health care, the Inuit population grew larger, too large to sustain itself solely by hunting. Many Inuit from smaller camps moved into permanent settlements because there was access to jobs and food. In many areas Inuit were required to live in towns by the s. When Nature Strikes: Wildfires - Why are they a challenge to stop? This knowledge is passed on through oral traditions and time spent on the land. With the resettlement of Inuit to different areas of the Arctic in the s, this knowledge was disrupted.
Research on and revitalization of knowledge and traditions are ongoing. The resulting Pan Inuit Trails [3] is an interactive atlas that is a knowledge repository and an assertion of Inuit sovereignty. There are numerous dialects of Inuktitut, with varying levels of speaker fluency.
Dialects are nuances in a language that reflect a specific location and community. Today, each regional governance organization supports language learning in schools and communities to continue the use of the language in everyday life. There are two styles of Inuktitut writing: syllabics and Roman orthography. Syllabics use symbols to represent sounds rather than letters. Roman orthography uses the English alphabet to sound out the words. Skip to content Section 1: Introduction to Indigenous Peoples.
Media Attributions Fig 1. Though most Inuit have fully modernized, their ancestors are responsible for many innovations we take for granted today. One of the most longstanding pieces of Inuit clothing is the parka, which enabled past Inuit populations to survive in some of the coldest environments on Earth. In addition to keeping the wearer warm, the Inuit parka also has thread patterns that communicate information about who the Inuit are.
Inuit pants, mittens, and footwear were made from caribou or sealskin that had numerous layers depending on the season. Some Inuit still have a diet consisting of fish and some land animals, with very little fruit or vegetables.
In particular, reindeer, musk ox , Arctic hare , walrus, polar bear , seal, whale, ptarmigan, geese, ducks, and other birds are the typical diet of Inuit. Igloos were used as a temporary shelter on extended winter hunting trips, not as a permanent Inuit home.
For studier construction, Inuit took the snow blocks from snowbanks that had formed in a snowstorm rather than from snowbanks that had accumulated over many snows, as those blocks were more fragile. Turf huts, or Earth huts, were a common form of Inuit dwelling. They were robust and insulated enough to live in permanently. A typical Inuit hut was low, with walls made of large stones and a roof supported by beams of driftwood. The dwellings were always located near the sea so that the Inuit could easily get to their kayaks when hunting for seals.
During the summer months, Inuit families left the turf huts and gathered berries, hunted reindeer, and caught fish, enabling them to stockpile enough provisions to carry them through the cold and dark winter months. To avoid sleeping in the open, Inuit traveled with tents made of sealskin that were easy to carry and could be set up anywhere food was found. The tents were supported by a wooden frame made out of driftwood, with an outer sealskin cover. In addition to its use for hunting, the Inuit kayak also served as a means of transportation.
It was propelled by a double-bladed paddle and was usually made of driftwood or whalebone to ensure a light frame. Inuit kayaks weretypically covered with stretched skins made watertight with whale fat and camouflaged with a white cloth draped over the front.
One of the most traditional ways for the Inuit to travel across the frozen ice of the Arctic is via the sledge, or qamutik, pulled by Qimmig — the Inuit name for dog. The traditional Inuit sledge is composed of two wooden runners on which a platform is built. The bottom of the sledge is as smooth as possible to enable it to glide across the ice.
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